Interesting problem. I think you have to have an entry for each synonyms in your language table like

LanguageID, Language, Synonyms
1,Ashanti, "Asante, Ashante, etc..."
2, Asante, "Ashanti, Ashante, etc..."

If the synonyms are only different spellings of the same language which sound same, you may consider using SOUNDS LIKE function (it is SQL Server, there are equivalents in other RDBMS as well) in your query rather than storing all variations in a table.